golden-peak-recovery

The interaction between stress, substance abuse, and memory is complex and inter-dependent. Stress can modulate the initial rewarding effects of addictive drugs, reinstate drug seeking, and cause relapse to substance use. On the other hand, substance use can alter the biological response to stress thus changing stress responses in addicted individuals. Humans with substance dependence most commonly identify stress and negative mood states as reasons for relapse and ongoing substance abuse, and in drug naive animals, a large range of stressors increase drug self-administration. In addition to baseline stress, anxiety disorders, such as post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), are also affected by drugs, as evidenced by the high comorbidity between these disorders and drug abuse. In a disease like PTSD, which incorporates both abnormal stress responses and memory impairments, the interactions with drugs become even more complex, as both the cognitive and emotional effects must be considered. In this review, we consider some of the effects of abused substances on memory and how these effects interact with stress. We focus in particular on the effects of cocaine, nicotine, and ethanol on fear conditioning and PTSD. These drugs operate through different cellular mechanisms and have both common and unique effects on learning and memory and the pathology of PTSD. Golden Peak Recovery 4411 E Kentucky Ave, Glendale, CO 80246 720-833-1065 https://www.google.com/maps?cid=30969211

source https://docs.google.com/document/d/1Jyuo5KHBbIYY_pSgDFNCbDucLRZ5m6m2X0eoI8ecpw8/edit#bookmark=id.1xdz20w4iyxt